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<h2 id="存储过程"><a href="#存储过程" class="headerlink" title="存储过程"></a>存储过程</h2><p><strong>一组预先编译好的SQL语句的集合，理解成批处理语句，提高代码的重用性，简化操作，减少了编译次数并且减少了和数据库服务器的连接次数，提高了效率。</strong></p>
<h3 id="创建使用"><a href="#创建使用" class="headerlink" title="创建使用"></a>创建使用</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">PROCEDURE</span> 存储过程名(参数列表)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	存储过程体（一组合法的<span class="keyword">SQL</span>语句）</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>参数列表包含三部分: 参数模式  参数名  参数类型。</strong><code>in stuname varchar(20)</code></p>
<p><strong>如果存储过程体仅仅只有一句话，begin end可以省略。</strong></p>
<p><strong>存储过程体中的每条sql语句的结尾要求必须加分号。</strong></p>
<p><strong>存储过程中的参数相当于局部变量。直接通过 SET 变量名 = 值 赋值</strong></p>
<p><strong>存储过程的结尾可以使用 <code>delimiter</code> 重新设置。(5.7后可以不用设置，设置了记得改回来)</strong></p>
<p>调用语法： <code>CALL 存储过程名(实参列表);</code></p>
<h3 id="参数模式"><a href="#参数模式" class="headerlink" title="参数模式"></a>参数模式</h3><ul>
<li>in：该参数可以作为输入，也就是该参数需要调用方传入值</li>
<li>out：该参数可以作为输出，也就是该参数可以作为返回值</li>
<li>inout：该参数既可以作为输入又可以作为输出，也就是该参数既需要传入值，又可以返回值</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="空参"><a href="#空参" class="headerlink" title="空参"></a>空参</h4><p>插入到admin表中五条记录</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="operator">*</span> <span class="keyword">FROM</span> admin;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">PROCEDURE</span> myp1()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="keyword">INTO</span> admin(username,`password`) </span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">VALUES</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;john1&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;0000&#x27;</span>),(<span class="string">&#x27;lily&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;0000&#x27;</span>),(<span class="string">&#x27;rose&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;0000&#x27;</span>),(<span class="string">&#x27;jack&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;0000&#x27;</span>),(<span class="string">&#x27;tom&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;0000&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CALL</span> myp1();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="IN"><a href="#IN" class="headerlink" title="IN"></a>IN</h4><p>创建存储过程实现 根据女神名，查询对应的男神信息</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">PROCEDURE</span> myp2(<span class="keyword">IN</span> beautyName <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> bo.<span class="operator">*</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">FROM</span> boys bo</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">RIGHT</span> <span class="keyword">JOIN</span> beauty b <span class="keyword">ON</span> bo.id <span class="operator">=</span> b.boyfriend_id</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">WHERE</span> b.name<span class="operator">=</span>beautyName;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CALL</span> myp2(<span class="string">&#x27;柳岩&#x27;</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>创建存储过程实现，用户是否登录成功</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">PROCEDURE</span> myp4(<span class="keyword">IN</span> username <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>),<span class="keyword">IN</span> PASSWORD <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">DECLARE</span> <span class="keyword">result</span> <span class="type">INT</span> <span class="keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="number">0</span>;#声明并初始化</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="built_in">COUNT</span>(<span class="operator">*</span>) <span class="keyword">INTO</span> <span class="keyword">result</span>#赋值</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">FROM</span> admin</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">WHERE</span> admin.username <span class="operator">=</span> username</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">AND</span> admin.password <span class="operator">=</span> PASSWORD;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> IF(<span class="keyword">result</span><span class="operator">&gt;</span><span class="number">0</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;成功&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;失败&#x27;</span>);#使用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CALL</span> myp3(<span class="string">&#x27;张飞&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;8888&#x27;</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="OUT"><a href="#OUT" class="headerlink" title="OUT"></a>OUT</h4><p>根据输入的女神名，返回对应的男神名</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">PROCEDURE</span> myp6(<span class="keyword">IN</span> beautyName <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>),<span class="keyword">OUT</span> boyName <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> bo.boyname <span class="keyword">INTO</span> boyname</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">FROM</span> boys bo</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">RIGHT</span> <span class="keyword">JOIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	beauty b <span class="keyword">ON</span> b.boyfriend_id <span class="operator">=</span> bo.id</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">WHERE</span> b.name<span class="operator">=</span>beautyName ;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CALL</span> myp5(<span class="string">&#x27;小昭&#x27;</span>,<span class="variable">@bName</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="variable">@bName</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>根据输入的女神名，返回对应的男神名和魅力值</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">PROCEDURE</span> myp7(<span class="keyword">IN</span> beautyName <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>),<span class="keyword">OUT</span> boyName <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>),<span class="keyword">OUT</span> usercp <span class="type">INT</span>) </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> boys.boyname ,boys.usercp <span class="keyword">INTO</span> boyname,usercp</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">FROM</span> boys </span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">RIGHT</span> <span class="keyword">JOIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	beauty b <span class="keyword">ON</span> b.boyfriend_id <span class="operator">=</span> boys.id</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">WHERE</span> b.name<span class="operator">=</span>beautyName ;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CALL</span> myp7(<span class="string">&#x27;小昭&#x27;</span>,<span class="variable">@name</span>,<span class="variable">@cp</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="variable">@name</span>,<span class="variable">@cp</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="INOUT"><a href="#INOUT" class="headerlink" title="INOUT"></a>INOUT</h4><p>传入a和b两个值，最终a和b都翻倍并返回</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">PROCEDURE</span> myp8(<span class="keyword">INOUT</span> a <span class="type">INT</span> ,<span class="keyword">INOUT</span> b <span class="type">INT</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SET</span> a<span class="operator">=</span>a<span class="operator">*</span><span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SET</span> b<span class="operator">=</span>b<span class="operator">*</span><span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span> $</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SET</span> <span class="variable">@m</span><span class="operator">=</span><span class="number">10</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SET</span> <span class="variable">@n</span><span class="operator">=</span><span class="number">20</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CALL</span> myp8(<span class="variable">@m</span>,<span class="variable">@n</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="variable">@m</span>,<span class="variable">@n</span>$;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="删除"><a href="#删除" class="headerlink" title="删除"></a>删除</h3><p>删除存储过程 语法：<code>drop procedure 存储过程名</code></p>
<p>DROP PROCEDURE p1;</p>
<p>DROP PROCEDURE p2,p3;   <strong>一次只能删除一个，不能删除多个</strong></p>
<h3 id="查看"><a href="#查看" class="headerlink" title="查看"></a>查看</h3><p><code>SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE  存储过程名;</code></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/github/img/img20201025094631.png" alt="image-20201025094622943"></p>
<h2 id="函数"><a href="#函数" class="headerlink" title="函数"></a>函数</h2><p>一组预先编译好的SQL语句的集合，理解成批处理语句</p>
<ul>
<li>提高代码的重用性</li>
<li>简化操作</li>
<li>减少了编译次数并且减少了和数据库服务器的连接次数，提高了效率</li>
</ul>
<p>区别：</p>
<p><strong>存储过程：可以有0个返回，也可以有多个返回，适合做批量插入、批量更新</strong></p>
<p><strong><mark>函数：有且仅有1 个返回，适合做处理数据后返回一个结果</mark></strong></p>
<h3 id="创建使用-1"><a href="#创建使用-1" class="headerlink" title="创建使用"></a>创建使用</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">FUNCTION</span> 函数名(参数列表) <span class="keyword">RETURNS</span> 返回类型</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	函数体</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>参数列表 包含两部分：参数名 参数类型</strong></p>
<p><strong>函数体：肯定会有return语句，如果没有会报错。如果return语句没有放在函数体的最后也不报错，但不建议。</strong></p>
<p><strong>函数体中仅有一句话，则可以省略begin end。</strong></p>
<p><strong>使用 delimiter语句设置结束标(5.7后可以不用设置，设置了记得改回来)**</strong></p>
<p>调用语法:<code>SELECT 函数名(参数列表)</code></p>
<h3 id="参数"><a href="#参数" class="headerlink" title="参数"></a>参数</h3><h4 id="无参"><a href="#无参" class="headerlink" title="无参"></a>无参</h4><p>无参有返回。案例：返回公司的员工个数</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">FUNCTION</span> myf1() <span class="keyword">RETURNS</span> <span class="type">INT</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">DECLARE</span> c <span class="type">INT</span> <span class="keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="number">0</span>;#定义局部变量</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="built_in">COUNT</span>(<span class="operator">*</span>) <span class="keyword">INTO</span> c #赋值</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">FROM</span> employees;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">RETURN</span> c;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"># 调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> myf1();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="有参"><a href="#有参" class="headerlink" title="有参"></a>有参</h4><p>有参有返回。案例1：根据员工名，返回它的工资</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">FUNCTION</span> myf2(empName <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>)) <span class="keyword">RETURNS</span> <span class="keyword">DOUBLE</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SET</span> <span class="variable">@sal</span><span class="operator">=</span><span class="number">0</span>;#定义用户变量 </span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> salary <span class="keyword">INTO</span> <span class="variable">@sal</span>   #赋值</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">FROM</span> employees</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">WHERE</span> last_name <span class="operator">=</span> empName;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">RETURN</span> <span class="variable">@sal</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"># 调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> myf2(<span class="string">&#x27;k_ing&#x27;</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>案例2：根据部门名，返回该部门的平均工资</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">FUNCTION</span> myf3(deptName <span class="type">VARCHAR</span>(<span class="number">20</span>)) <span class="keyword">RETURNS</span> <span class="keyword">DOUBLE</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">BEGIN</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">DECLARE</span> sal <span class="keyword">DOUBLE</span> ;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="built_in">AVG</span>(salary) <span class="keyword">INTO</span> sal</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">FROM</span> employees e</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">JOIN</span> departments d <span class="keyword">ON</span> e.department_id <span class="operator">=</span> d.department_id</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">WHERE</span> d.department_name<span class="operator">=</span>deptName;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">RETURN</span> sal;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">END</span>;</span><br><span class="line"># 调用</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> myf3(<span class="string">&#x27;IT&#x27;</span>)；</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="查看-1"><a href="#查看-1" class="headerlink" title="查看"></a>查看</h3><p><code>SHOW CREATE FUNCTION 函数名;</code></p>
<p>SHOW CREATE FUNCTION myf3;</p>
<h3 id="删除-1"><a href="#删除-1" class="headerlink" title="删除"></a>删除</h3><p><code>DROP FUNCTION 函数名;</code></p>
<p>DROP FUNCTION myf3;</p>
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class="toc-text">空参</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#IN"><span class="toc-number">1.2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">IN</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#OUT"><span class="toc-number">1.2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">OUT</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#INOUT"><span class="toc-number">1.2.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">INOUT</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">删除</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">查看</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">函数</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-1"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">创建使用</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">参数</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%97%A0%E5%8F%82"><span class="toc-number">2.2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">无参</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%9C%89%E5%8F%82"><span class="toc-number">2.2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">有参</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B-1"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">查看</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4-1"><span class="toc-number">2.4.</span> <span 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